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, (No Model.) v v R. HUPPER-TSBERG & 'B. SGHWARZ;

LAMP, BUR-NER- v Patented June 20,1882.

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WITNESSE-S: t I IINVENTORS /Z%ew/K% I I Q ATTORNEY UNITEIS STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD HUPPERTSBERG AND BRUNO SOHWARZ, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

LAMP-BURNER.

:SPECIFIGATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 259,761, dated June 20, 1882,

Application filed April 10,1882. (No model.)

a full, clear, and exact description of the invention.

In the lamp-burners heretoforein use it was not possible to burn hydrocarbon oils of a specific gravity of 0.820 to 0,900, as, owing to an insufficient supply of oxygen to the flame, the required high temperature for combustion cannot be sustained nor the sufficient suction of i5 thewickbekeptup,sothatinconsequencethereof the flame grows dim and weak and begins to smoke. For utilizing hydrocarbon oils of the specific gravity referred. to, various constructions of burners have been proposed-as for instance, burners with perforated burnerdisks, or with an arrangement for supplying air into the wick-tube; but all these systems have been more or less subject to the following inconveniences:

z 5 First, as the burner-disk is in immediate contact with the flame it grows hot and communicates the heat to the oil-receptacle and the oil therein, thereby causing explosive gases-to be accumulated, which may lead to explosions 0 'in case of the lamp being upset second, the

disk restrains the flame into a narrow lighting-ring; third, such lamps need continual supervision to prevent smoking and the exhalation of obnoxious vapors; moreover, in case of 5 the wick being unevenly out or the burnerdisk bent the flame is liable to become irregular and pointed, thereby causing the chimney to crack and break.

In order to do away with these inconven- .0 iences,we have constructed a lamp-burner that does not require the usual widened or bulged glass chimney, but which can be used with the common chimney having a contracted portion above the flame; and the invention consists,

5. first, of a ventilator or casing arranged around the wick'tube, said ventilator having slits'or openings for the ingress of the air, and being provided with serrations or projections at the upper edge.

The invention further consists of achimneyholder which is extended below the gallery supporting the; chimney, and provided with openings for admitting an additional air-current to the outer surface of the flame.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a side elevation, one-halt being in section, ofourimproved lampbnrner; and Figs.

2, 3, 4, and 5 are detail side views of the ventilator or casing of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre- 6o sponding parts.

Between the wick-tube D, Fig. 1, of'an ordinary petroleum-burner and the chimney, and at a suitable distance from both, is interposed a conical ventilator or casing,V, of sheet metal, 6 5 glass, china, or other suitable material, which may be fastened to the chimney-holder orloosely placed on it. This ventilator-casing is extended at the upper edge somewhat above the wick-tube-say from one to live n1illimeters. according to the size of the burner.

The surface of the ventilator is providedwith slits or openings d, which slits are made helical if intended forburnin g hydrocarbon oils -of greater specific gravity, as shown in Figs. 7 5

spirally around the flame and imparts a cer:

tain spiral motion or twist to the same. 8 5

For burning oils of a specific gravityof from 0.840 to 0.900, the upper edge of the ventilator may be serrated, the serrations being arranged straight or obliquely to each other, like the blades of a screw-propeller, as shown in Figs. 90. 1, 3,, and 5. For oils of less specific gravity than 0.840, ventilators with simple longitudinal slits will suflice, their edges being either smooth and bent inwardly, as in Fig. 4, or serrated; or ventilators with helically-arranged round openings, as in Fig. 4, may be used. The contraction of the chimney near the top of the casing leaves a space so narrow that the air is forced directly against the flame, and the current of air between the wick-tube and casing impinges the flame at a lower point, while the central current through the wick-tube comes in contact with the central portion of the flame. The effect is still further increased by the serhours in succession.

rated edge of the ventilator-casing, by which I are utilization of the cheaper mineral oils of the middle current is divided into small jets of air. The flameis thus supplied with oxygen by means of three air-eurrents-one passing through the interior of the wick-tube, and two outercurrents-whilein ordinary burners there are only two air-currents to feed the flame-one inner and one outer current. The chief lightin g-power is thus obtained at the outer surface of the flame, owing to the increased supply of oxygen furnished by the two outer currents, the outermost of w hich impinges upon the flame at a greater distance from the wick than the second outer current. A very perfect combustion of the carbon is thus obtained, which excludes the formation of smoke or vapors.

For keeping the chimney in the right position relatively to the ventilator, a new and very efficient arrangement has been devised. In ordinary lamps the chimney was placed airtight upon the bottom of the chimney-holder, as in Fig. 1, and any ingress of air into the annular space between the wick-tube and the chimney entirely prevented. In our improved lamp-burner the chimney is supported at some distance above the bottom of the chimneyholder-say from ten to twenty millimeters-by meansof a galleryor other supportingdevices, a, so that air-openings 0 are provided below the gallery a for the free ingress of air. This abundant air-supply keeps the wick-tube cool, even if the lamp is kept burning for many It may be observed that the annular space between the contracted portion of the chimney and the ventilator should not be too large, but as narrow as possible. Therefore the lower portion. or base of the chimney has to be made shorter in proportion to the length of the entire chimney; or the chimney-holder may be lengthened downward, as shown in Fig. 1, from a to b, in order to admit of the usual chimneys being used. For tightly clamping the chimney the gallery a is somewhat contracted nearits bottom, as shown in Fig. 1. By these arrangements the annular space at r is kept as narrow as possible, and the air-ingress at 0 is not interfered with.

The advantages of ourimproved lam p-burner high specific gravity; a lightof greater power than the light usually produced by such burners; a more perfect combustion at the outer surface of the flame; a cool condition of the burner, even when the lamp has been burning for hours; no formation of explosive gases, smoke, or vapors, even when the lamp burns low; finally, its easy adaptation to every other system of lamps, and economy in the consumption of oil.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a lamp-burner, a ventilating-casing with oblique slits inits body and serrated upper edge helically arranged, in combination with a central flue and chimney-support provided with air-openings below the gallery, substantially as described.

2. In a lamp-burner, the ventilator-casing with air-openings in its body above the bottom of the chimney and serrated edge above the burner, in combination with the chimney-support provided with air-openings 0 below the gallery a, whereby an air-flue is formed between the said casing and chimney, and air supplied to the interior of the casing, substantially as described.

3. The ventilator-casing having openings in its body above the bottom of the chimney and serrated upper edge, in combination with the fluebetween the casin g and chimney,thechi1nney-support provided with air-openings o, a flue inside the burner, and a chimney contracted near the top of the burner and enlarged downwardly, leaving an air-space between it and the casing, substantially as described.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our hands and seals this 8th day of October, 1881.

RICHARD HUIPERTSBERG. BRUNO SOIIWARZ.

Witnesses BERTHOLD Roi, CARL NEUoR. 

